Facial Botox

Description

Facial Botox injection is a minimally invasive cosmetic procedure primarily used to reduce fine lines and wrinkles on the face. The process begins with an initial consultation where the practitioner assesses the patient's medical history, skin condition, and desired outcomes. On the day of the treatment, the patient's face is thoroughly cleaned to remove any makeup, dirt, or oils that could lead to infection. Next, the practitioner may apply a topical anesthetic or ice packs to the treatment area to minimize discomfort during the injections. Using a fine-gauge needle, small amounts of Botulinum toxin are then injected into specific facial muscles that contribute to the appearance of wrinkles. The most common areas treated include the forehead, crow's feet around the eyes, and frown lines between the eyebrows. The entire injection process typically takes about 10 to 30 minutes. Post-procedure, patients can generally return to their daily activities almost immediately, although some may experience mild side effects like temporary redness, swelling, or bruising at the injection sites. The practitioner usually advises avoiding strenuous physical activities, alcohol consumption, and excessive sun exposure for 24 hours following the treatment to optimize the results and minimize potential complications. It's also recommended to avoid massaging or applying pressure to the treated areas for at least 24 hours to prevent the toxin from spreading to unintended muscles. The full effects of Botox typically become noticeable within 3 to 7 days, culminating in a smoother and more youthful facial appearance that can last for 3 to 6 months. Follow-up treatments are usually required to maintain the desired results.

Ailments treated by this procedure: Hyperhidrosis Scalp, Peri Oral Wrinkles, Facial Sweating, Crow's Feet, Facial Redness Flushing, Frown Lines, Smokers Lines, and Bunny Lines

Top Facial Botox Clinics

Urban Plastic Surgery Clinic in Korea: Advanced Cosmetic Procedures for Natural Beauty Enhancement & Confidence Boost

Urban Plastic Surgery Clinic

Gangnam, Sinnonhyeon Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Urban Plastic Surgery Clinic located near Gangnam Station offers a range of advanced cosmetic procedures aimed at enhancing your natural beauty and boosting your confidence. Facial Procedures: Rhinoplasty: This surgical procedure reshapes the nose to improve its appearance and proportion. It can also address breathing problems related to structural defects in the nose. Blepharoplasty: Known as eyelid surgery, this procedure corrects droopy eyelids by removing excess skin, muscle, and sometimes fat. It can improve vision in addition to enhancing the eye region. Facelift: A facelift aims to provide a more youthful facial appearance by tightening sagging skin and underlying tissues. It reduces the appearance of wrinkles and other signs of aging. Chin Augmentation: This procedure enhances the contours of the chin with implants or bone manipulation. It helps in achieving a more balanced facial profile. Body Procedures: Liposuction: This procedure removes excess fat deposits from specific areas of the body like the abdomen, thighs, and arms. It helps in contouring and improving body shape. Tummy Tuck: Also known as abdominoplasty, this procedure removes excess skin and fat from the abdomen. It can also restore weakened or separated muscles, creating a smoother and firmer abdominal profile. Breast Augmentation: This procedure uses implants or fat transfer to increase the size and improve the shape of the breasts. It can also restore breast volume lost after weight loss or pregnancy. Breast Reduction: Unlike augmentation, this procedure involves the removal of excess breast tissue and skin for those experiencing discomfort due to overly large breasts. It can alleviate back pain and improve overall body proportion. Body Contouring After Weight Loss: This series of procedures address the excess skin and residual fat left after major weight loss. It aims to improve the shape and tone of underlying tissue. Non-Surgical Procedures: Botox: Botox injections reduce fine lines and wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing facial muscles. It's a quick, non-invasive treatment for a more youthful appearance. Dermal Fillers: These injections combat wrinkles and add volume to soft tissues, commonly used on lips, cheeks, and around the eyes. They offer a non-surgical solution to facial aging. The clinic is equipped with the latest technology and staffed by board-certified surgeons committed to providing customized care and outstanding results.

learn more

Lienjang Clinic - Hongdae Branch: Comprehensive Aesthetic Procedures and Skincare in Korea

Lienjang Clinic - Hongdae Branch

Hongik University Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Lienjang Clinic at the Hongdae Branch in Hongdae offers a comprehensive range of aesthetic procedures performed by experienced medical professionals to help you look and feel your best. Petit Procedures Botox: Helps to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines by temporarily paralyzing the muscles. This quick and non-invasive procedure can make the skin appear smoother and more youthful. Filler: Dermal fillers are used to add volume and fullness to the skin, smoothing out wrinkles and enhancing facial contours. They provide immediate results with minimal downtime. Lip Filler: Specifically designed to enhance the volume and shape of the lips. It can create a more defined and fuller appearance. Contour Injection: Aims to improve the facial shape by targeting specific areas with injectable treatments. This helps in achieving a more balanced and aesthetically pleasing profile. Hair Removal: Permanent hair reduction using advanced laser technology. Suitable for various areas of the body, ensuring smooth and hair-free skin. Lifting Procedures Ultherapy: A non-invasive procedure using ultrasound technology to lift and tighten the skin. It stimulates collagen production, resulting in a more youthful and firmer appearance. Thermage: Utilizes radiofrequency energy to heat the deeper layers of the skin, encouraging collagen growth and tightening. It’s effective for facial and body skin tightening. Shurink Universe: A new lifting procedure that combines ultrasound and radiofrequency for enhanced lifting and tightening effects. It provides a non-surgical solution for facial rejuvenation. Linear-Z: Focuses on tightening and lifting the skin using targeted energy delivery. It is particularly effective for facial contours and neck areas. InMode: An advanced technology for body and face contouring, using radiofrequency to promote tissue tightening and fat reduction. Oligio: Delivers deep thermal energy to lift and tighten the skin. Suitable for both face and body, providing long-lasting firmness. Thread Lifting: A non-surgical facelift technique using threads to lift sagging skin and enhance facial contours. It offers immediate lifting effects with progressive collagen stimulation. Skin Procedures Anapa Skin Booster: Enhances the skin’s hydration and elasticity using a blend of hyaluronic acid and other nourishing ingredients. Ideal for rejuvenation and overall skin health. Eleves: Focuses on boosting skin vitality and radiance through nutrient-rich skin treatments. It addresses various skin concerns like dullness and texture. Rejuran Healer: Uses polynucleotide-based injections to improve skin texture and elasticity. It promotes skin repair and rejuvenation from within. Philroad: Offers intensive hydration and skin rejuvenation using micro-injections of hyaluronic acid. Suitable for deep hydration and improved skin texture. Juvelook: Aesthetic treatment focusing on wrinkle reduction and skin smoothing using hyaluronic acid fillers. Provides immediate lifting and volumizing effects. Asta V Anti-Aging: Utilizes powerful antioxidants to combat signs of aging and rejuvenate the skin. This treatment is effective in reducing wrinkles and fine lines. Potenza: A radiofrequency microneedling treatment that addresses various skin concerns like scars, wrinkles, and sagging skin. It enhances collagen production and skin resilience. PicoSure: Laser treatment for pigmentation, acne scars, and skin rejuvenation. Offers a non-invasive solution for a clearer and more even-toned complexion. Skin Care Acne Care: Treatments designed to combat and control acne breakouts and prevent future occurrences. Includes various topical and procedural therapies. Peeling Care: Chemical peels to exfoliate and rejuvenate the skin, improving texture and tone. Targets issues like pigmentation and rough skin. Special Care: Customized skin care treatments based on individual skin concerns and conditions. Includes various advanced therapies for optimal skin health. Body Procedures Fat Reduction Injection: Targets and breaks down stubborn fat deposits in the body. Achieves a slimmer appearance with non-surgical measures. 1 Inch Injection: Focuses on reducing fat in specific areas like the waist or thighs. This treatment helps in sculpting and contouring. Body Botox: Reduces sweating and muscle activity in targeted areas for a smoother and more contoured appearance. Effective for areas like the calves and underarms. Body Lifting: Non-surgical procedures designed to lift and tighten sagging skin on the body. Improves overall body contours and skin elasticity. Diet Medication Prescription: Customized diet plans and medications to assist in weight loss. Tailored according to individual health profiles and weight loss goals.

learn more

Ibon Plastic Surgery Korea: Enhance Your Beauty with Expert Surgical and Non-Surgical Procedures

Ibon Plastic Surgery

Seomyeon Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

At Ibon Plastic Surgery in Seomyeon, we offer a variety of surgical and non-surgical procedures to enhance your natural beauty. Our services are carefully designed to deliver precise and aesthetically pleasing results with minimal recovery time. Eye Surgery Double Eyelid Surgery (Non-incisional/Incisional): This procedure creates a defined eyelid crease for a more open and youthful look. It can be done using either a non-incisional method for minimal scarring or an incisional method for a more permanent effect. Ptosis Correction: This surgery corrects drooping eyelids to improve vision and aesthetics. It tightens the muscles that lift the eyelid, resulting in a more refreshed appearance. Epicanthoplasty (Inner Corner Fold Surgery): This procedure enlarges the inner corners of the eyes, making them appear bigger and brighter. It can also reduce the appearance of a Mongolian fold. Lateral Canthoplasty (Outer Corner Fold Surgery): This surgery extends the outer corners of the eyes for a more horizontally extended eye shape. It is often combined with lower eyelid surgeries for comprehensive enhancement. Lower Eyelid Fat Repositioning: This procedure repositions excess fat from the under-eye area to correct bags and puffy eyes. It results in a smoother and more youthful under-eye appearance. Midface Lift (Endoscopic Brow Lift): Using an endoscopic approach, this lift raises the eyebrows and forehead to reduce sagging and wrinkles. It offers a rejuvenated appearance with minimal scarring and quick recovery. Anti-Aging Thread Lifting: By using dissolvable threads, this procedure lifts and tightens the skin to combat sagging and wrinkles. It provides immediate results with minor downtime. Fat Grafting: This procedure transfers fat from other areas of your body to the face to enhance volume and contour. The outcome is natural-looking rejuvenation with long-lasting results. V-Lift: This non-surgical lifting technique uses specialized threads or injections to create a V-shaped facial contour. It is ideal for patients seeking a sharper jawline and tighter skin without surgery. Non-Surgical Procedures Fillers: Injectables are used to add volume, smooth wrinkles, and enhance facial features. They provide immediate, natural-looking results with minimal recovery time. Botox: This injectable treatment smooths out dynamic wrinkles and fine lines by temporarily relaxing facial muscles. It is a quick procedure ideal for reducing crow’s feet, frown lines, and forehead lines. Skin Boosters: These injectables deeply hydrate the skin, improving texture and elasticity. They are perfect for enhancing skin radiance and reducing fine lines. Rejuran & Rejuran HB: These skin rejuvenation treatments restore youthful skin by promoting collagen production and healing damaged skin. Rejuran is ideal for overall skin improvement while Rejuran HB focuses on hydration. Visit Ibon Plastic Surgery to explore these personalized procedures that rejuvenate and enhance your appearance. We are committed to providing the highest level of care and achieving the best results for our patients.

learn more

Beautiful Clinic Busan: Premier Dermatological and Aesthetic Treatments in Korea
Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Beautiful Clinic Busan is dedicated to providing comprehensive and specialized dermatological and aesthetic treatments to enhance your natural beauty. Acne Treatment Acne Treatment: We provide a comprehensive guideline for treating acne tailored to each individual's skin type and condition. Our approach includes a combination of advanced techniques to manage active acne, improve skin texture, and prevent future breakouts. Acne Scar Treatment: Our specialized treatments work to reduce the appearance of acne scars using advanced laser and non-laser techniques. This improves skin texture and overall appearance. Pore Reduction: Enhance your skin’s smoothness with our pore reduction treatments that minimize pore size. We use targeted therapies to achieve a more refined skin texture. Pigmentation Disorders Freckles and Age Spots: Targets and reduces freckles and age spots through precise pigmentation treatments. This corrects uneven skin tone and reveals a clearer complexion. Melasma: Customized laser treatments aimed at reducing melasma effectively. Our approach considers individual skin types for optimal results. Moles and Skin Tags Removal: Safe and effective mole and skin tag removal procedures. This ensures minimal scarring and improved skin appearance. Rosacea (Facial Redness): Specialized treatments to calm and reduce facial redness. We use laser technology to target and treat the underlying causes. Tattoo Removal Tattoo Removal: Effectively remove unwanted tattoos with our advanced laser technology. Our procedures minimize pain and reduce the risk of pigmentation changes or scarring. Anti-Aging Treatments Botox and Fillers: Non-surgical treatments to reduce wrinkles and add volume to the face. Achieve youthful, natural-looking results with minimal downtime. Skin Boosters: Hydrate and rejuvenate your skin with our advanced skin booster treatments. This injects vital nutrients directly into the skin for enhanced suppleness and glow. Lifting and Tightening Onda PM: Uses microwave technology for skin tightening and lifting for a more youthful appearance. This non-invasive treatment stimulates collagen production. Ultherapy (Ultracel): High-intensity focused ultrasound that tightens and lifts the skin. This procedure promotes natural lifting by stimulating collagen growth. Thermage: Non-surgical radiofrequency treatment that tightens and smoothens the skin. Helps improve contours and elasticity. Body Treatments Hair Removal: Permanent hair reduction using advanced laser technology. This ensures smooth and hair-free skin in targeted areas. Stretch Marks treatment: Specialized treatments to significantly reduce the appearance of stretch marks. This enhances skin texture and appearance. Fat-reducing injections: Injectable treatments that target and break down stubborn fat deposits. Improves body contours without the need for surgery. Community and Support Services Online Consultation: Easy access to professional advice through our online consultation services. This enables personalized care from the comfort of your home. Before & After: Visual evidence of the effectiveness of our treatments through before and after photos. See the transformation achieved by our skilled practitioners. For more information or to book an appointment, please contact Beautiful Clinic Busan in Sajik. We look forward to helping you achieve your aesthetic goals with our comprehensive and innovative treatments.

learn more

VIBE Plastic Surgery Clinic in Korea: Exceptional Cosmetic Procedures for Natural-Looking Results

VIBE Plastic Surgery Clinic

Sinnonhyeon, Gangnam, Nonhyeon, Eonju Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

VIBE Plastic Surgery Clinic, conveniently located at Sinnonhyeon Station, offers a wide range of plastic surgery and cosmetic procedures performed by highly qualified medical professionals. Eye Surgery Double Eyelid Surgery (쌍꺼풀): This procedure creates a defined crease in the upper eyelid, enhancing the eyes' overall appearance. It can be customized to suit individual preferences and natural eye shapes. Canthoplasty (트임성형): This surgery alters the shape or size of the eyes by adjusting the corners. It's aimed at making the eyes appear larger and more symmetrical. Eyelid Revision Surgery (눈재수술): For those dissatisfied with previous eyelid surgeries, this procedure corrects and improves the results. It's tailored to address specific aesthetic or functional concerns. Lower Eyelid Surgery (눈밑성형): This surgery addresses issues like under-eye bags and wrinkles. It helps in achieving a more youthful and refreshed appearance. Middle-aged Eye Surgery (중년눈성형): Specialized for older patients, this procedure focuses on combating aging signs around the eyes. It helps rejuvenate the eye area, making one look younger. Nose Surgery Primary Rhinoplasty (첫코성형): Initial nose surgery aimed at enhancing the shape and functionality of the nose. It can correct issues like a bulbous tip or a dorsal hump. Revision Rhinoplasty (코재수술): For individuals unhappy with their previous nose surgery, this procedure refines and corrects past results. It is meticulously planned to ensure desired outcomes are achieved. Alar Base Reduction (콧볼축소): This procedure narrows the nostrils, making the nose appear more proportionate to the face. It involves precise incisions to maintain natural-looking results. Functional Rhinoplasty (기능코 성형): This surgery improves nasal function while also enhancing appearance. It can address breathing issues along with aesthetic concerns. Lifting Procedures Forehead Lift (이마 거상 / 이마축소): This procedure involves tightening the skin and muscles of the forehead to reduce wrinkles and lift the brows. It helps achieve a more youthful and alert appearance. Incisional Facelift (절개 리프팅): A comprehensive facelift that targets deeper layers of the skin for long-lasting results. It addresses issues like sagging skin, deep wrinkles, and jowls. Thread & Mini Lifting (실 / 미니 리프팅): A minimally invasive procedure using threads to lift and tighten the skin. It's suitable for those seeking subtle enhancements without extensive surgery. Fat Surgery Facial Fat Grafting (지방이식): This procedure involves transferring fat from one part of the body to the face to enhance volume and contour. It's commonly used to fill hollow areas and smooth out wrinkles. Liposuction & Buccal Fat Removal (지방흡입 / 심부볼 지방제거): This surgery removes excess fat from targeted areas, enhancing contour and definition. Buccal fat removal specifically targets fat in the cheeks for a slimmer facial appearance. Non-Surgical Procedures Fillers & Botox (필러&보톡스): Injectable treatments to smooth out wrinkles, enhance facial contours, and restore volume. They're quick, minimally invasive options for facial rejuvenation. Youth Injection (동안주사): A treatment designed to revitalize the skin and promote a youthful appearance. It typically involves a combination of vitamins, antioxidants, and other rejuvenating agents. Each procedure at VIBE Plastic Surgery Clinic is performed with precision to achieve natural-looking, satisfying results.

learn more

Dermaster Dermatology Clinic in Cheongdam, Korea

Dermaster Clinic

Apgujeong Rodeo Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Dermaster Clinic in Cheongdam is known for its advanced aesthetic and dermatological treatments, offering a range of non-surgical and minimally invasive procedures to enhance beauty and confidence. Non-Surgical Lifting Ultracol Lifting: Ultracol Lifting is a non-surgical procedure designed to improve skin elasticity and stimulate collagen production for a more youthful appearance. It targets sagging skin and enhances facial contours without the need for invasive surgery. Volume Lifting: This procedure aims to restore lost facial volume, providing a more lifted and rejuvenated look. It works by stimulating collagen production, resulting in a natural plumpness and wrinkle reduction. V-line Lifting: V-line Lifting is designed to create a more defined jawline and chin area, achieving an attractive V-shaped facial contour. It is non-invasive and helps in reducing excess facial fat and sagging skin. One-Day Skincare Tenseara: Tenseara is a cutting-edge treatment that tightens and lifts the skin, especially targeting facial contours. It offers immediate results, providing a smoother and more refined appearance. 30-Minute In Mode: This quick procedure uses radiofrequency technology to target and reduce fat cells while stimulating collagen for tighter, smoother skin. It's ideal for those looking for quick and efficient facial contouring with minimal downtime. Body Slimming Lifting Ultra S-Line: Ultra S-Line focuses on enhancing body curves and improving skin elasticity for a more toned appearance. It is a non-invasive treatment that targets stubborn fat pockets, enhancing body contours. Encurve (enCurve): Encurve uses radiofrequency energy to target and destroy fat cells, resulting in a slimmer body contour without surgery. This treatment is particularly effective for areas like the abdomen, thighs, and flanks. Unique Enhancements Haiko PCL: Haiko PCL is an advanced technique using a specific type of thread to lift and support the nose structure. It provides a natural-looking enhancement with minimal recovery time, ideal for those seeking subtle yet effective results. UltraV PCL Lifting: UltraV PCL Lifting uses polydioxanone threads to provide a long-lasting lifting effect on the skin. This treatment is perfect for those looking for a non-surgical facelift with instant and visible results.

learn more

VandS Clinic - Yongsan: Leading Aesthetic and Medical Procedures in Korea for a Youthful Appearance
Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Vands Clinic offers a variety of aesthetic and medical procedures to help you look and feel your best. Injectables: Botox/Contour Injections: Botox injections help relax facial muscles that cause wrinkles, resulting in smoother skin. Contour injections sculpt and define facial features for a more youthful appearance. Filler: Dermal fillers are used to restore facial volume and smooth out wrinkles and fine lines. They provide immediate plumping and rejuvenation effects. Fat Reduction: Zero Fat Injection (Face/Body): These injections are designed to break down and eliminate localized fat deposits. The procedure is minimally invasive with noticeable results. Lifting Procedures: Thread Lifting: This procedure uses biodegradable threads to lift and tighten the skin. It's a minimally invasive alternative to traditional facelifts with less downtime. Laser Lifting: Uses laser technology to stimulate collagen production and tighten the skin. It provides a non-invasive solution to combat sagging and loss of elasticity. Skin Treatments: Acne Treatment/Mole Removal: Provides customized treatments for acne, including extractions and medicated therapies. Mole removal is conducted through laser or surgical methods for a clear and even skin texture. Whitening/Pigmentation/Redness Treatment: Targets skin discoloration and redness through specialized treatments. These procedures enhance skin tone and reduce hyperpigmentation. Skin Booster: Involves micro-injections of nourishing substances to hydrate and rejuvenate the skin. This leads to a more radiant and youthful complexion. Skincare: Comprehensive skincare services tailored to individual needs, including facials, peels, and microdermabrasion. These treatments maintain skin health and appearance. Hair Removal: GentleMax Pro Plus: A laser hair removal system designed for permanent hair reduction. It is suitable for all skin types and provides long-lasting smoothness. Hydration Therapy: IV Therapy: Delivers essential vitamins and nutrients directly into the bloodstream for optimal absorption. It helps with hydration, energy, and overall health. Permanent Makeup: Semi-Permanent Makeup: Applies long-lasting pigments to enhance eyebrows, eyeliner, and lips. This procedure saves time on daily makeup routines. Visit Vands Clinic for personalized consultations and effective treatments tailored to your aesthetic needs.

learn more

M01 Dermatology & Plastic Surgery in Korea: Comprehensive Skin Health and Aesthetic Procedures for a Confident You
Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

M01 Dermatology & Plastic Surgery in Bupyeong offers a comprehensive range of procedures to enhance skin health and aesthetics. Below are the categories of procedures offered along with their descriptions. Dermatology Procedures: Acne Treatment: This procedure targets the underlying causes of acne with specialized medications and treatments. It aims to reduce inflammation, eliminate bacteria, and prevent scarring. Scar Removal: This treatment involves the use of lasers, fillers, and other techniques to minimize or eliminate the appearance of scars. It helps improve skin texture and boost confidence. Skin Rejuvenation: This procedure includes various treatments like laser therapy, chemical peels, and microdermabrasion. It aims to improve skin tone, texture, and overall radiance. Hyperpigmentation Treatment: Focused on reducing dark spots and uneven skin tone. This is achieved through topical treatments, laser therapy, and other advanced techniques. Botox: Botox injections are used to reduce fine lines and wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing the underlying muscles. This results in a smoother, more youthful appearance. Filler Injections: These injections are used to restore volume, smooth out lines, and enhance facial contours. Common areas treated include lips, cheeks, and under-eye hollows. Laser Hair Removal: This procedure uses laser technology to remove unwanted hair by targeting hair follicles. It provides long-lasting results and is suitable for various areas of the body. Plastic Surgery Procedures: Rhinoplasty: Commonly known as a nose job, this surgical procedure reshapes the nose for better aesthetic balance or to improve breathing. It can make significant changes to nasal size, shape, and contour. Breast Augmentation: This surgery involves the use of implants to increase breast size and improve shape. It is often sought for aesthetic enhancement or reconstruction purposes. Liposuction: This cosmetic surgery removes excess fat deposits from specific areas of the body. It helps contour and improve body shape. Eyelid Surgery (Blepharoplasty): This procedure removes excess skin, fat, and muscle from the eyelids. It can improve vision in older patients and enhance the appearance of the eyes. Facelift: A facelift involves tightening the underlying facial muscles and removing excess skin to create a more youthful appearance. It addresses issues like sagging skin, deep folds, and wrinkles. Abdominoplasty (Tummy Tuck): This surgical procedure removes excess skin and fat from the abdomen while tightening the abdominal muscles. It results in a flatter, more toned stomach. Non-Surgical Procedures: Ultherapy: Ultherapy uses ultrasound technology to lift and tighten the skin naturally. It is commonly used for the face, neck, and décolletage. CoolSculpting: This non-invasive procedure involves cooling targeted fat cells to induce natural fat removal. It is particularly effective for stubborn areas like the abdomen and thighs. Thread Lift: A thread lift uses temporary sutures to produce a subtle but visible lift in the skin. It offers results similar to a facelift without the need for surgery.

learn more

...
...
25 – 32 of 305 clinics found

    Are you a clinic?

    Join our trusted platform to effortlessly enhance your online visibility among those seeking top-quality medical care in Korea from abroad.