Dry eye treatment typically begins with a comprehensive eye examination conducted by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. During this examination, the eye care specialist will assess the patient's symptoms, review their medical history, and perform various diagnostic tests to determine the underlying cause and severity of the dry eye condition. Common tests include the Schirmer test, which measures tear production by placing a small strip of paper under the lower eyelid, and the tear breakup time test (TBUT), which evaluates the stability of the tear film by administering a fluorescent dye to the eye and then inspecting it with a slit lamp microscope. Based on the findings, the specialist will devise an individualized treatment plan tailored to the needs of the patient.

The treatment plan for dry eye may involve a combination of different strategies aimed at improving tear production, reducing tear evaporation, and addressing any underlying conditions. For mild cases, the use of over-the-counter artificial tears or lubricating eye drops may provide sufficient relief. In more severe cases, prescription medications such as cyclosporine (Restasis) or lifitegrast (Xiidra) may be recommended to increase tear production and reduce inflammation. Other possible treatments include punctal plugs, which are tiny devices inserted into the tear ducts to block drainage and maintain eye moisture, and eyelid hygiene regimens to address conditions like blepharitis that can contribute to dry eye symptoms. Additionally, lifestyle modifications such as increasing humidity levels in the home, taking breaks during prolonged screen time, and ensuring adequate hydration may also be suggested to help manage the condition effectively.