IUD Birth Control (Mirena)
Description
The Intrauterine Device (IUD) Mirena is a long-acting reversible contraceptive that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. The procedure for Mirena insertion is typically performed by a healthcare provider during an office visit and starts with a pelvic examination to assess the size, shape, and position of the uterus. The patient is placed in a lithotomy position, and a speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix. The cervix may be cleaned with an antiseptic solution. A tenaculum, an instrument used to stabilize the cervix, may be applied to assist with the insertion process. A thin, flexible plastic tube containing the Mirena device is then inserted through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity. Once in place, the Mirena IUD is released from the tube, and the tube is withdrawn. The provider will then trim the device's strings to an appropriate length, which will protrude slightly into the vaginal canal for future removal. Post-procedure, the patient may experience some cramping and light bleeding. It is generally recommended to rest for a short period immediately following the insertion. Most healthcare providers will schedule a follow-up appointment within 4 to 6 weeks to ensure that the device is properly positioned and to check for any complications. Mirena works by releasing a low dose of the hormone levonorgestrel, which thickens the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, thins the uterine lining to hinder implantation, and in some cases, suppresses ovulation. Mirena provides effective contraception for up to 5 to 7 years, after which it should be replaced or removed by a healthcare professional. The strings of the IUD allow for easy self-checks by the patient to ensure the device remains in place between medical visits.
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