Breast reduction surgery, also known as reduction mammoplasty, is a procedure designed to decrease the size of large breasts. During the surgery, the patient is typically administered general anesthesia to ensure comfort and prevent pain. The surgeon starts by making incisions around the areola, vertically down to the breast crease, and sometimes along the breast crease itself, forming an anchor or keyhole pattern. Excess breast tissue, fat, and skin are then carefully removed to reduce the breast volume and achieve a size proportionate to the patient's body. The nipple and areola might also be repositioned higher on the breast to create a more natural and aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Following the removal of excess tissue and repositioning of the nipple-areola complex, the surgeon will close the incisions with sutures, typically placed within the breast tissue for added support, and may also use sutures on the skin to help with healing. Drains may be inserted temporarily to remove excess fluids and reduce swelling. The breasts are then bandaged, and the patient is taken to a recovery area where they are closely monitored as they awaken from anesthesia. Post-operative care instructions are provided to the patient to aid in recovery, such as wearing a surgical bra, managing pain and swelling with prescribed medications, and avoiding strenuous activities for a specified period. Follow-up appointments are scheduled to monitor healing and ensure satisfactory outcomes.